List of Contents

1. TAXONOMY AND SYSTEMATICS 1 

2. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PLANT CLASSIFICATIONS 8

3. BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE 31

4. PROCESS OF IDENTIFICATION 91 

5. HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATIONS 46 

6. PHYLOGENY OF ANGIOSPERMS 103

7. MAJOR SYSTEMS OF CLASSIFICATION 133

8. TAXONOMIC EVIDENCE 149 

9. PHENETIC AND PHYLOGENETIC METHODS 196 

10.VARIATION AND SPECIATION 218

11. MAJOR FAMILIES OF ANGIOSPERMS  225

REFERENCES 337

INDEX 349